An Analysis of Social and Moral Values in Secondary School Curriculum of Pakistan Studies

Abstract

This study explored incorporation of social and moral values in secondary school textbooks of Pakistan Studies in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The textbooks of Pakistan Studies of secondary classes and the secondary school teachers comprised the population of the study. Lessons about moral and social values from the textbooks of Pakistan Studies of secondary classes and twelve secondary school teachers were selected as the main sample of the study. For taking the sample of the study, purposive sampling technique was used. Qualitative content analysis technique was used to analyse data obtained from the textbooks and from the interviews of secondary school teachers. Findings of the study revealed that the textbooks contained social values like patriotism, unity and equality and moral values such as faith in oneness of Allah and moderation. Secondary school teachers were of the opinion that social values are quite beneficial for adjustment of people in a society according to its cultural values whereas moral values are standards to judge individuals’ behaviour. This study implies that social values such as equality, responsibility,
human rights, hard work, unity, dignity of labour, liberty and dispensation of justice and moral values such as fair play, honest dealing, truthfulness and lawfulness might be included more overtly in the textbooks for a more rounded development of students.